A. Kaveh, A. Beitollahi, N. Khavaninzadeh,
Volume 16, Issue 1 (1-2026)
Abstract
This study develops a synthetic earthquake catalog for Iran (1900–1963) using a deep neural network (DNN) optimized by the Enhanced Colliding Bodies Optimization (ECBO) algorithm. The model, trained on post-1964 instrumental data from the Iranian Seismological Center, incorporates spatial, temporal, and tectonic features to estimate earthquake magnitudes. Statistical indices (MAE = 0.0064; RMSE = 0.3748) and bootstrap uncertainty analysis (±0.18 M) confirm the model’s reliability. The generated catalog provides a data-driven basis for improving seismic hazard assessment and historical seismicity reconstruction across the Iranian plateau.
